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A1180 - A1184
Preliminary Data Sheet
PRELIMINARY DATA SHEET SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE
Two-Wire, Programmable, Chopper-Stabilized, Unipolar Hall-Effect Switch
The A118X is a two-wire, unipolar, Hall-effect switch family designed for use in high-temperature applications. This device uses a patented high frequency chopper-stabilization technique on Allegro's new DABIC5 BiCMOS wafer fabrication process to achieve magnetic stability and to eliminate offset inherent in single-element devices and from harshapplication environments. The A118X FAMILY of devices incorporates a programmability function to allow for external trimming of the operate point. The programming is performed after final packaging of the sensor and placement of the Single In-Line Package (SIP) into the application. This advanced feature allows for optimization of sensor switching performance by effectively accounting for variations caused by magnet and SIP placement tolerances. These devices provide on-chip transient protection. A zener clamp on the power supply protects against over-voltage conditions on the supply line. The output of the A118X FAMILY, with the exception of the A1180/2, will switch HIGH in the presence of a sufficiently large south-pole magnetic field and will switch LOW with the removal of the field. The A1180/2 has the opposite polarity as the others, switching LOW in the presence of a sufficient magnetic field and HIGH with the removal of the field. Two package styles provide a magnetically optimized package for most applications. Suffix "LH" is a miniature low profile package for surface-mount applications; suffix "UA" is a three-lead ultra-mini Single Inline Package (SIP) for through-hole mounting. Factory programmed versions also available, see A1140/42/43/45. Programming software and/or hardware demonstration kits also available see ASEK-01 on the Allegro web site, www.allegromicro.com.
See typical application drawing for UA pinning.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltage VCC ............................................ 26.5 V Reverse-Battery Voltage VRB ............................................. -18 V Magnetic Flux Density B .......................................... Unlimited Package Power Dissipation ja, UA........................................ 206 C/W LH1.........................................248 C/W Junction Temperature, TJ .................... +170C Operating Temperature Range, TA Suffix "E" ....................... - 40 C to + 85 C Suffix "L" ...................... - 40 C to + 150 C Storage Temperature Range TS .............................. -65 C to +170 C
FEATURES / BENEFITS Chopper Stabilization s Extremely low switch-point drift s Low stress sensitivity One-time external programmability s Operate Point On-chip Protection s Supply transient protection s Robust ESD/EMC protection s Reverse-battery protection On-board Voltage Regulator s 3.8 V to 24 V operation Order by complete part number (i.e. A1182LUA).
1
The "LH" PPD is based on a 0.062" thick FR4, single-sided board using 2 oz. copper, with a 0.55 mm2 area of copper attached to the ground lead.
TWO-WIRE, PROGRAMMABLE, UNIPOLAR HALL-EFFECT SWITCH FAMILY (PRELIMINARY INFORMATION - SUBJECT TO CHANGE) CHARACTERISTICS
Valid over operating temperature range unless otherwise noted.
Part Number Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Min. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS A118X FAMILY A1182/3/4
2
Limits Typ. Max. Units
Supply Voltage Supply Current
VCC IGND(L) IGND(H)
Operating Output I Low Output I High Output I Low Output I High RL=100 Ohms, CBYP=0.1uF RL=100 Ohms, CBYP=0.1uF t < ton, tr < 5us, no bypass capacitor I = 10mA
3.8 5 12 2 12 28
20 20 340 HIGH 36
24 6.9 17 5 17 25 40
V mA mA mA mA us us kHz s V
A1180/1
Supply Current Output Rise Time Output Fall Time
3
IGND(L) IGND(H) tr tf fC ton POS VZ
3
A118X
Chopping Frequency Power-Up Time Power-Up State Zener Voltage
MAGNETIC CHARACTERISTICS Minimum Programmable Operate Point Maximum Programmable Operate Point Switch Point Step Size Minimum Programmable Operate Point Maximum Programmable Operate Point Switch Point Step Size Number of Programming Bits A118X Temperature Drift of BOP Hysterisis BOPmin BOPmax BRES BOPmin BOPmax BRES BOP BHYS Switch Point Programming Lock A1180-A1183 BOP - BRP 5 15 B>Bop, IGND=Low (A1180/2) IGND=High (A1181/3) B>Bop, IGND=High (A1184) 300 600 16 5 1 +/-20 30 60 200 8 G G G G G G Bit(s) Bit(s) G G
A1180/1/2/3
4
A1184
5
2 3
These are the A3161 current levels. Typical rise and fall time of the Hall sensor is 1us, the true rise and fall time is dependent on the load circuit as indicated by the 20us specification. 4 Programming is typically performed at Ta = 25C and does not take into account temperature drift of the switch point. See BOP. 5 Programming is typically performed at Ta = 25C and does not take into account temperature drift of the sw itch point. BOP has not yet been characterized for the A1184 and may require additional tolerance due to the high magnetic switch points.
Rev. 1.8 25 April 2003 Page 2
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachus etts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Copyright (c) 1993, 1995 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
TWO-WIRE, PROGRAMMABLE, UNIPOLAR HALL-EFFECT SWITCH FAMILY (PRELIMINARY INFORMATION - SUBJECT TO CHANGE)
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
Supply Program / Lock
Reg Offset Adjust
To all subcircuits
Programmmin g Logic
AMP
S/H
LPF
GND Clock/Logi c Optional ("UA" GND ONLY-Pin 3)
A1180/2 Hysteresis Curve
+I
+I
A1181/3/4 Hysteresis Curve
IccHigh Output Current
Output Current
IccHigh
Brp
Bop
Brp
Bop
IccLow 0 0 Flux Density +B
0 0
IccLow Flux Density +B
Rev. 1.8 25 April 2003 Page 3
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachus etts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Copyright (c) 1993, 1995 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
TWO-WIRE, PROGRAMMABLE, UNIPOLAR HALL-EFFECT SWITCH FAMILY (PRELIMINARY INFORMATION - SUBJECT TO CHANGE)
Typical Characterization Data All data is the average of 1 Lot, >1000 Units
94 92
Switch point (G)
Bop 85G trim
Vcc=24v Vcc= 12v Vcc= 3.8v
180 160 140
Switch point (G)
Bop programming values
90 88 86 84 82 80 78 -40 C 25 C Temperature (C) 85 C
120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 1 2 3 4 5
Significant Bit
Iccon 17 16.5 16 15.5 15 14.5 14 13.5 13 12.5 12 -40 C 25 C Temperature (C) 85 C
Vcc= 24v Vcc= 12v Vcc= 3.8v
6.8 6.6 6.4
Current (mA)
Iccoff
Vcc =24v Vcc =12v Vcc =3.8v
Current (mA)
6.2 6 5.8 5.6 5.4 5.2 5 -40 C 25 C Temperature (C) 85 C
Rev. 1.8 25 April 2003 Page 4
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachus etts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Copyright (c) 1993, 1995 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
TWO-WIRE, PROGRAMMABLE, UNIPOLAR HALL-EFFECT SWITCH FAMILY (PRELIMINARY INFORMATION - SUBJECT TO CHANGE)
Functional Description
Chopper-Stabilization Technique. A limiting factor for switch point accuracy when using Hall effect technology is the small signal voltage developed across the Hall plate. This voltage is proportionally small relative to the offset that can be produced at the output of the Hall sensor. This makes it difficult to process the signal and maintain an accurate, reliable output over the specified temperature and voltage range. Chopper Stabilization is a unique approach used to minimize Hall offset on the chip. The Allegro patented technique; dynamic quadrature offset cancellation, removes key sources of the output drift induced by temperature and package stress. This offset reduction technique is based on a signal modulation-demodulation process. The undesired offset signal is separated from the magnetically induced signal in the frequency domain through modulation. The subsequent demodulation acts as a modulation process for the offset causing the magnetically induced signal to recover its original spectrum at base band while the dc offset becomes a high frequency signal. Then, using a low-pass filter the signal passes while the modulated dc offset is suppressed. The chopper stabilization technique uses a 170 kHz high frequency clock. The Hall plate chopping occurs on each clock edge resulting in a 340 kHz chop frequency. The high frequency operation allows for a greater sampling, which produces higher accuracy and faster signal processing capability. Using this chopper stabilization approach, the chip is desensitized to the effects of temperature and stress. This technique produces devices that have an extremely stable quiescent Hall output voltage, is immune to thermal stress, and has precise recoverability after temperature cycling. This technique is made possible through the use of a BiCMOS process which allows the use of low offset and low noise amplifiers in combination with high-density logic integration and sample and hold circuits. The repeatability of switching with a magnetic field is slightly affected using a chopper technique. Allegro's high frequency chopping approach minimizes the affect of jitter and makes it imperceptible in most applications. Applications that may notice the degradation are those that require the precise sensing of alternating magnetic fields such as ring magnet speed sensing. For those applications, Allegro recommends the "low jitter" family of digital sensors.
Regulator
Amplifier
Sample/ Hold
CLOCK
Hall Element
Concept of Dynamic Quadrature Offset Cancellation
Rev. 1.8 25 April 2003 Page 5
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachus etts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Copyright (c) 1993, 1995 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
TWO-WIRE, PROGRAMMABLE, UNIPOLAR HALL-EFFECT SWITCH FAMILY (PRELIMINARY INFORMATION - SUBJECT TO CHANGE) PROGRAMMING PROTOCOL
The operate points are programmed by serially addressing the devices through the supply terminal VCC (pin 1). After the correct operate point is determined, the device programming bits are permanently blown, and a locking bit is blown to prevent any further programming. Switch Point Program Enable. To program the device, a keying sequence is used to activate / enable the addressing mode as shown in Figure 1. This sequence consisting of a VPP pulse, one VPH pulse, and a VPP pulse with no supply interruptions, is designed to prevent the device from being programmed accidentally (e.g., as a result of noise on the supply line).
Figure 1. Program Enable Pulse Sequence.
Valid over operating temperature range unless otherwise noted.
Part Number Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Min. PROGRAMMING PROTOCOL (T A = +25 C) VPL Programming Voltage
6
Limits Typ. Max. Units
Minimum voltage range during programming
4.5 11.5 25
5 12.5 26 190 300 -
5.5 13.5 27 100 100
V V V mA s s s s s
VPH VPP tr = 11us, 5V26V, Cbypass = 0.1uF OFF time between bits Pulse duration for enable and addressing sequences Pulse duration for fuse blowing VPL to VPH or VPP VPH or VPP to VPL
Programming Current A118X Family Pulse width
IPP td(0) td(1) tdP
20 20 100 5 5
Pulse Rise Time Pulse Fall Time
tr tf
6
Programming Voltages are measured at Pin #1 (Vcc) of SIP. A minimum capacitance of 0.1uF must be connected from Vcc to GND of the SIP to provide the current necessary to blow the fuse.
Rev. 1.8 25 April 2003 Page 6
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachus etts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Copyright (c) 1993, 1995 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
TWO-WIRE, PROGRAMMABLE, UNIPOLAR HALL-EFFECT SWITCH FAMILY (PRELIMINARY INFORMATION - SUBJECT TO CHANGE) ...PROGRAMMING PROTOCOL CONT INUED
Addressing. The magnetic operate point (Bop) is adjustable using 5 bits or 31 addresses. The 31 addresses are sequentially selected (Figure 2) until the required operate point is reached. Note that the difference between Bop and the magnetic release point (Brp), the Hysteresis (Hys), is fixed for all addresses.
Address N-2
Address N-1
Address 1
Address 2
VPH VPL 0
Figure 2. Sequential selected addresses. Code Programming. After the desired switch point address is selected (0 through 31), each bit of the corresponding binary address should be programmed individually, not at the same time. For example, to program code 5 (binary 000101), bits 1 (code 1) and bit 3 (code 4) need to be programmed. Bit programming is accomplished by addressing the code and applying a VPP pulse, the programming is not reversible. An appropriate sequence for blowing code 5 is shown in Figure 3.
td(1) td(0)
Figure 3. Bit programming. Lock-Bit Programming. After the desired code is programmed, the lock bit, or code 32, can be programmed (figure 4) to prevent further programming of the device.
Figure 4. Lock-bit programming See Allegro website at http://www.allegromicro.com for extensive information on device programming as well as programming products. Programming hardware is available for purchase and programming software is available for free.
Address 3
Rev. 1.8 25 April 2003 Page 7
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachus etts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Copyright (c) 1993, 1995 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
Address N (Up to 31)
TWO-WIRE, PROGRAMMABLE, UNIPOLAR HALL-EFFECT SWITCH FAMILY (PRELIMINARY INFORMATION - SUBJECT TO CHANGE)
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT
Applications. It is necessary that an external bypass capacitor be connected between the supply and ground of the device to reduce both external noise and noise generated by the chopper-stabilization technique and ensure sufficient energy to guarantee proper programming. (A 0.1uF cap is recommended for proper fuse blowing and may reside on the programming board) The bypass capacitor in the application should be no further than 5 mm away from the Hall sensor. The bypass capacitor is to protect the Hall IC only. All high frequency interferences conducted along the supply lines will be passed directly to the load through the bypass capacitor. Therefore, the ECU must have sufficient protection other than the bypass capacitor placed in parallel with the Hall IC. A series resistor on the supply side, Rs (not shown), in combination with the bypass capacitor will create a filter for EMC pulses. The series resistor (Rs) and/or sense resistor (Rsense) will have voltage drops across them that must be considered for the minimum Vcc requirement of the device. The preferred sense resistor value is approximately 100 ohms. All programming, code and lock-bit programming, should be done directly across the part, between VCC and Output with the use of a 0.1uF bypass capacitor. Programming across the series resistor or sense resistor may not allow enough energy to properly blow the fuses. The result would be incorrect switch points.
Typical Application (UA Pkg):
Vcc 1 0.01uF
VSupply A118X
OUTPUT 2 ECU
3 Optional OUTPUT UA ONLY
RSENSE
Extensive applications information on magnets and Hall-effect sensors including Chopper-Stabilization is available in the Allegro Electronic Data Book CD, or at the website: http://www.allegromicro.com . Rev. 1.8 25 April 2003 Page 8
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachus etts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Copyright (c) 1993, 1995 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
TWO-WIRE, PROGRAMMABLE, UNIPOLAR HALL-EFFECT SWITCH FAMILY (PRELIMINARY INFORMATION - SUBJECT TO CHANGE)
DEVICE QUALIFICATION PROGRAM
Test Name
Pre/Post Test High Temperature Operating Life (HTOL) High Temperature Bake (HTB) Pre Conditioning (PC) Temperature Humidity Bias (THB) or HAST Autoclave (AC) Temperature Cycle (TC) External Visual (EV) Physical Dimensions (PD) Lead Integrity Bond Pull Strength ESD Solderability (SD) Early Life Failure Rate (ELFR) Gate Leakage (GL) Electrical Distributions (ED) Ta = room, hot, cold 125C or 150C 48 hrs 1 24 hrs 1 3 6 30 CDF- AEC-Q100-006 800 JESD22-A108 HBM & MM
Test Conditions
Ta = room, hot, cold Ta = 150C, Tj ? 170C Ta = 170C 85C/85%RH 85C/85%RH 130C/85%RH 121C/15 psig -65C to +150C or -50C to +150C
Test Length
408 hrs 1000 hrs 168 hrs 1000 hrs 50 hrs 96 hrs 500 cycles 1000 cycles
# of Lots
1 1 1 1 1 1
Sample / lot
77 77 231 77 77 77
Comments
JESD22-A108 JESD22-A103 JESD22-A112 & A113 JESD22-A101 JESD22-A110 JESD22-A102 JESD22-A104
1 1 1 1 1
30 45 30 3 per model JESD22-A114 & A115,CDFper V step AEC-Q100-002, 003 & 011 15 JESD22-B102
EMC Requirements (Electromagnetic Compatibility)
Please contact your local representative for EMC results
Test Name
ESD - Human Body Model ESD - Machine Model Conducted Transients Direct RF Injection Bulk Current Injection TEM Cell
Reference Specification
AEC-Q100-002 AEC-Q100-003 ISO 7637-1 ISO 11452-7 ISO 11452-4 ISO 11452-3
Rev. 1.8 25 April 2003 Page 9
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachus etts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Copyright (c) 1993, 1995 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
TWO-WIRE, PROGRAMMABLE, UNIPOLAR HALL-EFFECT SWITCH FAMILY (PRELIMINARY INFORMATION - SUBJECT TO CHANGE)
POWER DE-RATING Maximum Allowable Power Calculation for A118X Family 7:
Assume: Ta = Tamax = 150 C Tj(max) = 170C Icc = IONmax = 17 mA If: Tj = Ta + T Then: Tmax = Tjmax - Ta max = 170 C - 150 C = 20 C If: T = PD * Rja Then: PDmax = Tmax / Rja = 20 C / 206 C/W = 97.1 mW If: PD = Vcc * Icc Then the maximum Vcc at 150C is therefore: Vccmax = PDmax / Icc = 97.1 mW / 17 mA = 5.7 V
Due to internal power consumption, the junction temperature of the IC, Tj, is higher than the ambient environment temperature, Ta. To ensure that the device does not operate above the maximum rated junction temperature use the following calculations: T = PD * Rja Where: PD = Vcc * Icc T=Vcc * Icc * Rja Where T denotes the temperature rise resulting from the IC's power dissipation. Tj = Ta + T For the sensor : Tj(max) = 170C Rja (UA Pkg) = 206C/W Typical Tj calculation: Ta = 25 C Vcc = 12 V Icc = IccONtyp = 14.5 mA PD = Vcc * Icc = 12 V * 14.5 mA = 174 mW
Dissipation
Maximum Supply Voltage vs Ambient Temperature
Maximum Supply Voltage (V)
T = PD * Rja = 174 mW * 206C/W = 35.8 C Tj = Ta + T = 25 C + 35.8 C = 60.8 C
30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
Temperature (C)
UA (ROJA = 206C/W) LH (ROJA = 228C/W)
7
The "LH" PPD is based on a 0.062" thick FR4, single-sided board using 2 oz. copper, with a 0.55 mm2 area of copper attached to the ground lead. Rev. 1.8 25 April 2003 Page 10
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachus etts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Copyright (c) 1993, 1995 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
TWO-WIRE, PROGRAMMABLE, UNIPOLAR HALL-EFFECT SWITCH FAMILY (PRELIMINARY INFORMATION - SUBJECT TO CHANGE)
Rev. 1.8 25 April 2003 Page 11
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachus etts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Copyright (c) 1993, 1995 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
TWO-WIRE, PROGRAMMABLE, UNIPOLAR HALL-EFFECT SWITCH FAMILY (PRELIMINARY INFORMATION - SUBJECT TO CHANGE)
Rev. 1.8 25 April 2003 Page 12
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachus etts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Copyright (c) 1993, 1995 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
TWO-WIRE, PROGRAMMABLE, UNIPOLAR HALL-EFFECT SWITCH FAMILY (PRELIMINARY INFORMATION - SUBJECT TO CHANGE)
Rev. 1.8 25 April 2003 Page 13
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachus etts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Copyright (c) 1993, 1995 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
TWO-WIRE, PROGRAMMABLE, UNIPOLAR HALL-EFFECT SWITCH FAMILY (PRELIMINARY INFORMATION - SUBJECT TO CHANGE)
The products described herein are manufactured under one or more of the following U.S. patents: 5,045,920; 5,264,783; 5,442,283; 5,389,889; 5,581,179; 5,517,112; 5,619,137; 5,621,319; 5,650,719; 5,686,894; 5,694,038; 5,729,130; 5,917,320; and other patents pending. Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is current. Allegro products are not authorized for use as critical components in life-support appliances, devices, or systems without express written approval. The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use.
Rev. 1.8 25 April 2003 Page 14
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachus etts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Copyright (c) 1993, 1995 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.

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